The HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 (H12-831_V1.0)
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H12-831_V1.0 Exam Dumps
- Exam Code: H12-831_V1.0
- Vendor: Huawei
- Certifications: HCIP-Datacom
- Exam Name: HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0
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Huawei H12-831_V1.0 Exam Domains Q&A
Certified instructors verify every question for 100% accuracy, providing detailed, step-by-step explanations for each.
Question 1
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
If the migration preparation is insufficient , which of the following problems may occur ?
Options (Multiple Choice):
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: A, B, C, D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Network migration requires detailed planning to prevent service disruptions and rollback failures .
Potential issues due to poor preparation: ✅ A. No network cable tester available → Hard to diagnose whether the issue is hardware or cable-related . ✅ B. No backup of configuration files → If migration fails, services cannot be restored quickly . ✅ C. No spare hardware available → Hardware failures may cause long service downtimes . ✅ D. Engineers arriving late → Delays may lead to extended service downtime or missed migration windows .
???? Reference: HCIP-Datacom Advanced Routing & Switching Technology – Migration Best Practices
Question 2
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
On the network shown in the figure, IS-IS runs on R1, R2, R4, and R5, and the area ID is 49.0001. IS-IS runs on R3 and R6, and the area ID is 49.0002. The import-route isis level-2 into level-1 command is configured on R2 and R5. In AS 65000, R1, R3, R4, and R6 each establish iBGP peer relationships with R2 and R5. R2 and R5 are RR (Route Reflectors), and R1, R4, R3, and R6 are the iBGP peer relationship clients. The iBGP peer relationship ID is 10.0.0.X/32, where X is the number of the iBGP router. R1 and R4 import the external route 192.168.1.0/24 to BGP through the import-route command, and R3 and R6 import the external route 192.168.2.0/24 to BGP through the import-route command. Which of the following statements are true?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation: This question involves a complex network topology with IS-IS, iBGP, and route reflection, requiring an understanding of routing protocols, area boundaries, and route distribution. Let’s analyze each statement step-by-step to determine which is true, based on HCIP-Datacom principles.
Network Overview:
IS-IS Configuration :
IS-IS runs on R1, R2, R4, and R5 in area 49.0001 (Level-1/Level-2).
IS-IS runs on R3 and R6 in area 49.0002 (Level-2 only, as implied by the figure).
The import-route isis level-2 into level-1 command on R2 and R5 allows Level-2 routes (from area 49.0002) to be injected into Level-1 routers (R1, R4) in area 49.0001.
BGP Configuration :
AS 65000 uses iBGP with R2 and R5 as Route Reflectors (RRs), and R1, R3, R4, and R6 as clients.
iBGP peer relationships use IP addresses 10.0.0.X/32, where X is the router number (e.g., R1 = 10.0.0.1/32, R4 = 10.0.0.4/32, etc.).
R1 and R4 import the external route 192.168.1.0/24 into BGP using import-route.
R3 and R6 import the external route 192.168.2.0/24 into BGP using import-route.
Topology Insights :
The figure shows R2 and R5 as central hubs connecting Level-1/Level-2 IS-IS areas and serving as RRs for iBGP.
R1 and R4 are in area 49.0001 (Level-1/Level-2), while R3 and R6 are in area 49.0002 (Level-2).
External routes (192.168.1.0/24 and 192.168.2.0/24) are injected into BGP and distributed via iBGP.
Analyzing Each Statement:
A. The routing table of R4 contains two equal-cost default routes.
Analysis :
In IS-IS, default routes (0.0.0.0/0) are typically generated by Level-2 routers and propagated to Level-1 routers if configured (e.g., via default-route-advertise).
R4 is a Level-1/Level-2 router in area 49.0001. It can learn default routes from R2 or R5 (Level-2 routers) if they advertise a default route.
However, the question does not indicate that R2 or R5 are configured to advertise default routes, nor does it specify equal-cost paths to a default route.
Given the import-route isis level-2 into level-1 on R2 and R5, Level-2 routes (including defaults, if any) are injected into Level-1, but there’s no evidence of two equal-cost default routes in R4’s routing table.
Additionally, IS-IS prefers the closest Level-2 router for default routes, and the topology suggests a single path (e.g., via R2 or R5), not two equal-cost paths.
Conclusion : This statement is false.
B. The route 192.168.2.0/24 in the routing table of R4 has two different outbound interfaces.
Analysis :
The route 192.168.2.0/24 is an external route imported into BGP by R3 and R6 (in area 49.0002) using import-route.
As RRs, R2 and R5 reflect this route to their iBGP clients, including R4 (in area 49.0001).
However, iBGP routes do not modify the next-hop by default unless next-hop-self is configured on the RR. The next-hop for 192.168.2.0/24 from R3/R6 would typically point to R3 or R6, not R2 or R5, unless modified.
R4, as an iBGP client, receives the route but needs an IGP (IS-IS) path to the next-hop (R3 or R6).
The import-route isis level-2 into level-1 on R2 and R5 allows R4 to learn IS-IS routes from area 49.0002, but the question does not indicate multiple equal-cost paths to R3 or R6 from R4.
In IS-IS, unless explicitly configured for equal-cost multipath (ECMP) with the same cost to R3 and R6, R4 would use a single outbound interface to reach 192.168.2.0/24.
The topology suggests a single path (e.g., via R2 or R5) to area 49.0002, not two equal-cost outbound interfaces.
Conclusion : This statement is false.
C. The routing table of R1 contains two equal-cost default routes.
Analysis :
Similar to R4, R1 is a Level-1/Level-2 router in area 49.0001. It can learn default routes from R2 or R5 if they advertise them.
The question does not specify that R2 or R5 are configured to advertise default routes, nor does it indicate multiple equal-cost paths to a default route.
IS-IS prefers the closest Level-2 router for default routes, and the topology (with R2 and R5 as central hubs) suggests a single path, not two equal-cost paths.
Without evidence of ECMP or specific default route configuration, R1 would not have two equal-cost default routes.
Conclusion : This statement is false.
D. The routing table of R1 contains the route 192.168.2.0/24.
Analysis :
The route 192.168.2.0/24 is an external route imported into BGP by R3 and R6 (in area 49.0002) using import-route.
R2 and R5, as Route Reflectors, reflect this iBGP route to their clients, including R1 (in area 49.0001).
iBGP ensures that the route is propagated within AS 65000, so R1, as an iBGP client of R2 and R5, will receive the 192.168.2.0/24 route.
For R1 to install this route in its routing table, it needs a valid IGP (IS-IS) path to the next-hop of the BGP route (likely R3 or R6).
The import-route isis level-2 into level-1 on R2 and R5 ensures that IS-IS Level-2 routes from area 49.0002 (including paths to R3 and R6) are injected into Level-1 routers like R1.
Therefore, R1 can resolve the next-hop for 192.168.2.0/24 via IS-IS and install the route in its routing table.
Conclusion : This statement is true.
Final Answer and Rationale:
The only true statement is D, as R1, being an iBGP client of R2 and R5, will receive and install the 192.168.2.0/24 route in its routing table, with IS-IS providing the necessary path to the next-hop.
References from HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Documents :
Huawei HCIP-Datacom V1.0 Training Manual, Chapter 4: IS-IS Configuration and Optimization, Sections on Level-1/Level-2 Interactions and Route Import.
Huawei HCIP-Datacom V1.0 Training Manual, Chapter 5: BGP Configuration and Optimization, Sections on Route Reflection and iBGP Route Distribution.
RFC 1195 (IS-IS) and RFC 4271 (BGP-4) for standard protocol behavior.
Question 3
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
R1 forwards a packet with the destination IP address of 4.4.4.4 on an MPLS network .
Some LSP (Label Switched Path) information of R3 is shown in the figure.
During packet transmission, which of the following devices perform MPLS label operations ?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: B, C, D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To determine which devices perform MPLS label operations , we need to analyze MPLS forwarding behavior based on the roles of each router in the MPLS domain .
1. Understanding MPLS Label Operations
MPLS label switching involves three main operations:
Label Push (Ingress LSR - Label Imposition) : The ingress router (R1) assigns an MPLS label to the packet.
Label Swap (Transit LSR - Label Forwarding) : The transit routers (R2, R3) swap the label for the next-hop router.
Label Pop (Egress LSR - Label Disposition) : The egress router (R4) removes the MPLS label before forwarding the packet to its final destination.
2. Examining MPLS Roles of Each Router
???? R1 (Ingress LSR) → Performs Label PUSH
R1 adds an MPLS label (1025) to the IP packet and forwards it to R2.
Operation: Push MPLS Label (Label Imposition).
✅ R1 performs MPLS label operations.
???? R2 (Transit LSR) → Performs Label SWAP
R2 receives a labeled packet (1025) from R1 , swaps it with label 1026 , and forwards it to R3.
Operation: Swap MPLS Label (Transit Label Forwarding).
✅ R2 performs MPLS label operations.
???? R3 (Transit LSR) → Performs Label SWAP
R3 receives label 1026 and swaps it with label 3 , then forwards it to R4.
Operation: Swap MPLS Label (Transit Label Forwarding).
✅ R3 performs MPLS label operations.
???? R4 (Egress LSR) → Does NOT Perform MPLS Operations
R4 is the egress router and does not forward the packet further using MPLS.
The last router removes the MPLS label (Pop) and forwards the plain IP packet .
R4 is NOT performing MPLS label switching (swap or push), only popping the label before delivering the packet.
❌ R4 does NOT perform MPLS label operations.
Question 4
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure:
OSPFv3 is enabled on the interfaces connecting R1, R2, and R3.
The router ID of each router is 10.0.X.X, where X is the number of the router.
If you check detailed information about an LSA on R3 , the command output shows that the LSA is generated by R2 and describes the IPv6 prefix address associated with the Router-LSA .
Is this statement TRUE or FALSE ?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding the LSA Table in the Figure
The LSA Type displayed in the LSDB of R3 is an Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9) , with the following attributes:
LS Type: Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9)
Link State ID: 0.0.0.1
Originating Router: 10.0.2.2 (R2)
Referenced LSA Type: 0x2001 (Router-LSA, Type 1)
Referenced Link State ID: 0.0.0.0
Referenced Originating Router: 10.0.2.2 (R2)
Prefix: 2000:2::/128
Analysis of the Statement
What is an Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9)?
Used in OSPFv3 to advertise IPv6 prefixes associated with a Router-LSA (Type 1) or Network-LSA (Type 2).
Each router generates its own Router-LSA (Type 1) and references it in an Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9).
How does this apply to R3 ' s LSDB?
The LSA is generated by R2 (10.0.2.2), meaning R2 originated the prefix advertisement.
The referenced LSA is a Router-LSA, indicating that the IPv6 prefix is associated with R2 ' s router advertisement.
Since R3 sees this LSA in its LSDB, it means R2 has advertised its IPv6 prefix (2000:2::/128) into the OSPFv3 domain.
✅ Since the LSA describes an IPv6 prefix associated with R2’s Router-LSA, the statement is TRUE.
Final Conclusion:
✅ The LSA is generated by R2 and describes the IPv6 prefix associated with the Router-LSA. ✅ Thus, the correct answer is: A. TRUE.
[Reference:, HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 – OSPFv3 LSA Types and IPv6 Prefix Advertisement, Huawei Official HCIP-Datacom Study Guide – OSPFv3 Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA and Router-LSA Relationship, Huawei Documentation on OSPFv3 LSAs and Neighbor Advertisement, , , ]
Question 5
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
On the OSPF network shown in the figure, areas 1, 2, and 3 are common areas. The IP address of Loopback0 on R5 is 10.0.5.5/32 , and OSPF is enabled on the interface using the network command.
ACL 2000 (with the matching rule shown in the figure) is configured on all routers. If the command filter 2000 import is run in area 0 (where R1, R2, and R3 reside), which of the following routers do not have the route 10.0.5.5/32 in their routing tables?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: A, B, D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding the OSPF Network Structure in the Question:
OSPF Areas & Routers:
Area 3 : Contains R5 (which has loopback 10.0.5.5/32).
Area 1 : Contains R6 .
Area 2 : Contains R4 .
Area 0 (Backbone Area) : Contains R1, R2, and R3 (which interconnect the other areas).
ACL 2000 Filtering Rule:
The ACL rule 2000 explicitly denies 10.0.5.5/32 from being imported.
The filter 2000 import command applies this filter to Area 0 , preventing routes from Area 3 (including R5 ' s loopback) from being learned by Area 0 routers (R1, R2, and R3) .
Route Distribution Analysis:
R5 (Area 3) :
R5 has 10.0.5.5/32 configured on its Loopback0.
Since OSPF is enabled, R5 advertises the route to R6 in Area 1 .
R6 (Area 1) → R2 (Area 0, Backbone Router) :
Without filtering , R6 would normally propagate 10.0.5.5/32 to R2 (since R2 is a backbone router in Area 0).
However, since ACL 2000 is applied in Area 0, R2 blocks this route from being imported.
Therefore, R2 does not learn 10.0.5.5/32 .
R2 → R1 and R3 (Both in Area 0):
R2 would typically share any learned routes with R1 and R3 in Area 0.
But since R2 itself does not have 10.0.5.5/32 , neither R1 nor R3 can receive it.
Thus, R1 and R3 also do not have 10.0.5.5/32 in their routing tables.
R4 (Area 2) is Unaffected:
Since R4 is in Area 2 , it is not directly impacted by the filter applied in Area 0.
It can still receive the route via another path if redistribution is configured properly .
Final Conclusion:
R1, R2, and R3 do not have the 10.0.5.5/32 route due to the filter 2000 import command applied in Area 0 .
R4 may still have the route since it is not affected by the filtering in Area 0.
Thus, the correct answer is: ✅ R1, R3, R2 do not have the route 10.0.5.5/32 in their routing tables.
[Reference:, HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 – OSPF Route Filtering Mechanisms, Huawei Official HCIP-Datacom Study Guide – OSPF Inter-Area Route Advertisement and Filtering, Huawei Documentation on filter import and ACL-based OSPF route filtering, , , ]
Question 6
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure, area 1 is a stub area .
Which of the following LSAs is generated by only one router ?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding OSPFv3 LSA Types
OSPFv3 uses different LSA types than OSPFv2 , with some being similar in function:
Link-LSA (Type 8): Generated by every router on a link to advertise link-local IPv6 information.
Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9): Advertises IPv6 prefixes within an area.
Network-LSA (Type 2): Generated only by the Designated Router (DR) to advertise information about all routers on a multi-access network.
Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3): Advertises network prefixes between OSPF areas (generated by ABRs).
Route Distribution Analysis:
A. Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3) ❌ (Incorrect)
Generated by an ABR to advertise prefixes between OSPF areas.
More than one ABR can generate this LSA.
❌ Not always generated by only one router.
B. Link-LSA (Type 8) ❌ (Incorrect)
Each router generates its own Link-LSA for each link it participates in.
This means multiple routers can generate this LSA.
❌ Not generated by only one router.
C. Network-LSA (Type 2) ✅ (Correct)
Generated ONLY by the Designated Router (DR) on a multi-access network (such as an Ethernet link).
Other routers do not generate this LSA, only the DR does.
✅ Correct answer: This LSA is generated by only one router (the DR).
D. Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9) ❌ (Incorrect)
Generated by any router to advertise IPv6 prefixes within an area.
Multiple routers in an area can generate this LSA.
❌ Not generated by only one router.
Final Conclusion:
✅ C. Network-LSA (Type 2) is the correct answer because it is generated by only one router—the Designated Router (DR).
Thus, the correct answer is: C. Network-LSA .
[Reference:, HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 – OSPFv3 LSA Types and Multi-Area Behavior, Huawei Official HCIP-Datacom Study Guide – OSPFv3 Stub Areas and LSA Advertisements, Huawei Documentation on OSPFv3 DR/BDR Roles and LSA Generation]
Question 7
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
On the network shown in the figure , the network administrator deploys DHCP snooping on the switch to defend against bogus DHCP server attacks .
Which of the following interfaces should be configured as the DHCP trusted interface?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding DHCP Snooping and Trusted/Untrusted Ports
1. What is DHCP Snooping?
DHCP Snooping is a security feature that prevents rogue DHCP servers from providing unauthorized IP configurations to clients.
It categorizes switch ports into:
Trusted Ports: Allow DHCP Offer and ACK messages from a legitimate DHCP server.
Untrusted Ports: Block unauthorized DHCP responses to prevent rogue DHCP attacks.
Analyzing the Network Setup in the Figure
Interface
Connected Device
DHCP Role
Should it be Trusted?
GE0/0/1
PC1 (DHCP Client)
Requests DHCP leases
❌ Untrusted
GE0/0/2
DHCP Server (Legitimate)
Provides DHCP leases
✅ Trusted
GE0/0/3
Web Server
Not involved in DHCP
❌ Untrusted
GE0/0/4
Bogus (Rogue) DHCP Server
Malicious DHCP Server
❌ Untrusted & Blocked
GE0/0/2 is connected to the legitimate DHCP server, meaning it should be marked as a TRUSTED interface.
GE0/0/4 connects to a bogus DHCP server, which must be UNTRUSTED to block unauthorized DHCP responses.
GE0/0/1 (Client) and GE0/0/3 (Web Server) do not need to be trusted.
✅ Thus, the correct answer is: D. GE0/0/2.
Final Conclusion:
✅ GE0/0/2 should be configured as the trusted DHCP interface. ❌ GE0/0/1 (Client) should remain untrusted. ❌ GE0/0/3 (Web Server) does not need DHCP trust. ❌ GE0/0/4 (Bogus DHCP Server) should be blocked.
Thus, the correct answer is: D. GE0/0/2 .
[Reference:, HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 – DHCP Snooping Configuration and Security Mechanisms, Huawei Official HCIP-Datacom Study Guide – Preventing DHCP Server Spoofing with DHCP Snooping, Huawei Documentation on Configuring Trusted and Untrusted Ports for DHCP Snooping, , , ]
Question 8
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
In the figure, packets are forwarded based on MPLS on the network .
When PE2 receives a packet from P2 , what is the label value carried in the packet?
Options:
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
1. Understanding MPLS Label Switching
MPLS (Multiprotocol Label Switching) operates by adding labels to packets to enable fast switching across an MPLS domain.
Labels are swapped at each router (LSR - Label Switch Router) based on the LFIB (Label Forwarding Information Base).
When an MPLS packet reaches a router, it checks the incoming label and swaps it with an outgoing label as per its label forwarding table.
The label value " 3 " is the implicit null label , which is used for PHP (Penultimate Hop Popping) .
2. Analyzing the MPLS Label Flow in the Figure
At PE1 : The packet enters the MPLS domain and is labeled with 1033 .
At P1 : P1 forwards the packet based on label 1033 .
At P2 :
P2 receives label 1033 and swaps it with label 3 (as per the figure).
Label 3 (implicit null) means that the label is removed before reaching PE2 (PHP - Penultimate Hop Popping).
This ensures that PE2 receives a pure IP packet without an MPLS label .
3. Evaluating Each Answer Option
Option A: " The label value is 3. " → Incorrect.
Label 3 (implicit null) is not actually sent to PE2.
Instead, P2 removes the label before sending the packet to PE2 .
Option B: " There is no label. " → Correct.
Since P2 performs PHP (Penultimate Hop Popping) , the label is removed , and PE2 receives only an IP packet .
Option C: " The label value is 1033. " → Incorrect.
Label 1033 was used earlier in the MPLS path but was swapped out before reaching PE2.
Option D: " The label values are 3 and 1033. " → Incorrect.
Only one label is present at a time.
Label 1033 was swapped for label 3 , but label 3 was removed before reaching PE2 .
Final Answer:
Answer: B (There is no label).
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology References:
MPLS Label Forwarding Mechanism
Penultimate Hop Popping (PHP) and Implicit Null Label (3)
MPLS Label Swapping and Label Forwarding Table (LFIB)
Question 9
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
On the network shown in the figure, IS-IS IPv6 runs on R2, R6, and R3, and the IPv6 address of Loopback0 on R6 is 2000::6/128 . OSPFv3 runs on other links. Area 1 is a stub area, and Area 2 is an NSSA . IS-IS routes are imported to OSPFv3 on R2 and R3. Which of the following statements are true?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: B, C, D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To analyze the correct answer, we need to break down the topology and protocol behaviors step by step:
Understanding the IS-IS and OSPFv3 Network Setup:
IS-IS IPv6 is running between R2, R6, and R3 .
OSPFv3 is running on other links.
Area 1 is a stub area , which means it does not accept external routes but can have a default route (::/0).
Area 2 is an NSSA (Not-So-Stubby Area) , meaning it allows external routes as NSSA external LSAs .
Analysis of Each Answer Option:
A. " The routing table of R6 contains the route ::/0. " → FALSE
R6 only participates in IS-IS (Level-1) and does not receive a default route (::/0) from Level-2 routers.
Since R6 is in IS-IS Level-1 and does not have a connection to a Level-2 router that provides a default route, it will not have a ::/0 route in its routing table .
[Reference: HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology, IS-IS IPv6 Routing Principles., B. "The routing table of R5 contains the route 2000::6/128." → TRUE, R6 advertises 2000::6/128 via IS-IS to R3 and R2., R3 imports the IS-IS routes into OSPFv3 Area 0., Since R5 is in Area 2 (NSSA) and Area 2 can accept external routes (as NSSA external LSAs), R5 will learn 2000::6/128 from R3., Reference: HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology, OSPF NSSA Route Handling., C. "The routing table of R4 contains the route 2000::6/128." → TRUE, R4 is in Area 1 (Stub Area)., While Area 1 does not accept external routes, R4 still learns inter-area routes from Area 0 via R3., Since R3 redistributes 2000::6/128 into OSPFv3 Area 0, and R4 learns it from R3, R4 will have 2000::6/128 in its routing table., Reference: HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology, OSPF Inter-Area Route Handling., D. "The routing table of R1 contains the route 2000::6/128." → TRUE, R1 is connected to R3, which is in Area 0., Since R3 has imported IS-IS routes into OSPFv3, R1 will learn 2000::6/128 through OSPF Area 0 as an inter-area route., Reference: HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology, OSPF Route Redistribution and Inter-Area Routing., , , ]
Question 10
Huawei H12-831_V1.0
QUESTION DESCRIPTION:
In the figure, an administrator needs to enable MPLS LDP on R1 to R4 . Which of the following configurations of R1 is correct?
Correct Answer & Rationale:
Answer: B
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To determine the correct configuration, we need to analyze how MPLS LDP (Label Distribution Protocol) is correctly enabled on a Huawei router .
1. Required Steps to Enable MPLS LDP on R1
To enable MPLS LDP on R1 and establish LDP sessions, the following steps must be followed:
✅ Step 1: Configure the MPLS LSR ID (Loopback IP recommended)
MPLS LSR ID is a unique identifier for the Label Switch Router (LSR).
Command:
shell
CopyEdit
mpls lsr-id 1.1.1.1
Why?
The LSR ID must be configured for LDP to function properly in an MPLS network.
It is usually set to a loopback address for stability and consistency.
✅ Step 2: Enable MPLS Globally
Command:
shell
CopyEdit
mpls
Why?
This enables MPLS forwarding on the device.
✅ Step 3: Enable MPLS LDP Globally
Command:
shell
CopyEdit
mpls ldp
Why?
LDP is needed for label distribution in the MPLS domain.
Without this, routers cannot exchange MPLS labels .
✅ Step 4: Enable MPLS and LDP on the Required Interface
Command:
shell
CopyEdit
interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
mpls
mpls ldp
Why?
MPLS must be enabled on interfaces that participate in MPLS forwarding .
LDP must also be enabled on these interfaces to distribute labels over MPLS links .
2. Analyzing the Answer Choices
✅ Option B (Correct)
shell
CopyEdit
[R1] mpls lsr-id 1.1.1.1 ✅ (Sets LSR ID)
[R1] mpls ✅ (Enables MPLS globally)
[R1-mpls] quit
[R1] mpls ldp ✅ (Enables LDP globally)
[R1-mpls-ldp] quit
[R1] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] mpls ✅ (Enables MPLS on interface)
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] mpls ldp ✅ (Enables LDP on interface)
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
This configuration correctly enables MPLS LDP on R1.
All required steps are followed, including the LSR ID, MPLS, LDP, and interface activation.
❌ Option A (Incorrect)
shell
CopyEdit
[R1] mpls lsr-id 1.1.1.1
[R1] mpls
[R1-mpls] quit
[R1] mpls ldp
[R1-mpls-ldp] quit
[R1] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] mpls ✅
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit ❌ (Missing " mpls ldp " under interface)
Missing mpls ldp under interface configuration.
Without this, the interface will not establish an LDP session → Incorrect.
❌ Option C (Incorrect)
shell
CopyEdit
[R1] mpls
[R1-mpls] quit
[R1] mpls ldp
[R1-mpls-ldp] quit
[R1] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] mpls
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] mpls ldp
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
Missing mpls lsr-id 1.1.1.1.
LSR ID is critical for LDP sessions → Incorrect.
❌ Option D (Incorrect)
shell
CopyEdit
[R1] mpls lsr-id 1.1.1.1
[R1] mpls
[R1-mpls] quit
[R1] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] mpls
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] mpls ldp
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit
Missing global MPLS LDP configuration (mpls ldp).
Without enabling LDP globally, labels will not be distributed.
This makes LDP sessions fail. → Incorrect.
Verified by Certified Instructors
This Huawei H12-831_V1.0 study pack was audited and verified on May 10, 2026 by Radia Davenport,. We ensure every technical rationale aligns with real-world enterprise standards.
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